A Detailed Outline of Neurorehabilitation Technique for Post-Stroke Symptoms

A Comparison of Neurorehabilitation Techniques Used to Treat the Effects of Cerebrovascular Accidents
	*Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT)/ Bobath Approach*	*Movement Therapy/ Brunstrom Approach*	*Sensorimotor Approach/ Rood Approach*	*Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation/ Kabat & Knott Approach*
Underlying Theory	To normalize tone, inhibit primitive patterns of movement, and to facilitate automatic, voluntary reactions and subsequent normal patterns. *Opposite of Brunnstrom	Using primitive synergistic patterns to attempt to improve motor control via central facilitation A damaged CNS regressed to an older pattern of movements Synergies, primitive reflexes, and other abnormal movements are normal parts of recovery before normal movement is obtained *Opposite of Bobath	Modifying muscle tone and voluntary motor activity using cutaneous sensorimotor stimulation	Stimulation of nerve, muscle, and sensory receptors through manual stimulation via spiral and diagonal movement patterns promotes more functionally relevant movement patterns than movements in the traditional cardinal planes.
Techniques	Therapeutic Handling is primary intervention with NDT Facilitatory inputs Inhibitory inputs Key Points of Control	Enhances specific synergies Process of Recovery	Modifying Sensory/ Motor Input via the following systems: Proprioception Exteroceptive Vestibular Vision Auditory Olfactory Gustatory SI Training Reversal of Antagonists Repeated Contractions Combination of Isotonics Rhythmic Initiation Contract-Relax Hold-Relax Replication (hold-relax active motion) Resisted Progression Rhythmic Rotation
Effectiveness of Approach	There are differences in each of the underlying theories of these approaches; however, there are no consistent significant differences in motor or functional improvement of one approach over another.

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